Health & Medicine

Having served as an airborne combat medic, worked as a nurse, been subjected to surgery, and tried various exercises/workouts, I tend to get a lot of questions about health and medicine.

Note: the following are my observations from my experiences and are in no way official and/or legally binding.  That's for all the litigious twits out there.

Pages & Links

Having a Healthy Diet

A good diet is not a temporary thing. You need to get serious and develop good habits. First, you need to know what those are. These links can help. Here's my two cents for some simple golden rules:

  • Basically, eat the way our bodies became accustomed back when natural selection stopped working for humans
  • Avoid refined foods, especially refined sugars and breads
  • Know what a balanced diet is and follow it! The USDA guidelines can help there.
  • Know what a serving size is...most folks don't really know, they overstimate; and you can get too much of a good thing
  • Don't fall into fad diets that wreck your biochemistry to achieve a low body weight, e.g. Atkins
  • If a diet sounds too good to be true, it probably is
  • When you have all of that down, you can take the next step and go for a variety of foods
  • Glycemic index is worth understanding (Sugar Busters, Glucose Revolution, etc.), i.e. apple juice = good, orange juice=not so good
  • Our bodies were built to consume natural grains, and raw fruits & vegetables; whole fruit is better than juice
  • Smoothies? Why take perfectly good fruit, tear it apart, water it down, and then dump sugar on it?

Suffice to say, after our post-natural selection ancestors did not have eclairs, donuts, white bread, white sugar, smoothies, etc. Oh, and they were OMNIvores. So go eat a balanced diet!

Some links on health and diet

  • Healthfinder.gov - A variety of government resources
  • Nutrition.gov & HealthierUS.gov - Here's where you can get the official diet info from the USDA; the info seems ot be more appropriate this year, but realize that the bureaucracy involved in creating their guidelines can slow the appearance of cutting edge research findings in their material.
  • Eatright.org - From the American Dietetic Association

Addiction Assistance & Support

Just about everyone has heard of Alcholics Anonymous. Less folks have heard about Narcotics Anonymous. Even less folks know that both are based in religion - they are non-denominational, but their basic tenets are based in theism and a fundamental underpinning that the inidividual is unable to quit (they must rely upon submission to a "higher power" to do it for them). Some folks have complaints about AA's approach and techniques. After hearing from someone that was eager to quite drinking but turned off by the piety and operation of their AA group, I asked around and found some other sources of help. Please realize that this is not an endorsement or validation of these services; I am simply passing on some suggestions, and I urge you to investigate the services fully (including AA/NA) to find whatever solution works best for you:

Online Health References

Online Diet Delivery Services

Here are a few places that purport to provide healthy, balanced meals delivered to you.

Warm-up/Cool-Down: essential components to a good workout

A good warm-up will help prevent you tearing up your muscles and joints when you exercise.  A good cool-down will help remove lactic acid buildup from your muscles and I find it is also a great time to stretch a little longer/farther to increase your flexibility.  It's like driving a car.  If you stomp on the gas when the light turns green and then slam on the brakes at the next red light, you will damage your car.  You may not notice it the first, second, or third time, but a few years down the road, when you need a new engine, you will.  Of course, the human body can repair itself, but it has its limits, and it's pretty hard to just get a new "engine" for it.

Key concepts:

  • Always do static/slow stretches, do not "bounce" when stretching, it tends to injure and/or tense up your muscles.
  • Walking for a few minutes before your warm-up is best, but I find that just taking the warm-up slow and easy at first works just fine.
  • Shoot for six to eight minutes each for the warm-up and the cool-down.
  • Warm-ups
    • stretches - I stretch all of my muscles every time I work out, regardless of whether or not they will be the focus of my routine that day.
    • some light calisthenics - I do a few generic ones to get the body going
  • Cool-downs
    • you might do some light calisthenics, but do them slow and easy
    • stretches - I usually repeat the same stretches from my warm-up.

Exercise-related pain

Pain sucks.  However it can tell you a lot.  Some thoughts:

  • If you have any suspicion that you need medical treatment, then go.  You only have one body.
  • If your pain is more dull and/or diffuse and isolated to your muscles, then you probably just have good old lactic acid buildup which is probably due to your overdoing it or not doing a good cool-down.  The only way to get rid of this is to move the toxins out of the muscle in question.  Heat, good hydration and further exercise (after proper rest periods) can help.
  • If your pain is sharp, then you may have torn ligaments and/or tendons, which is bad.  Seek medical attention.
  • If you have a pain you have never experienced before, consider seeking medical attention.

For simple sprains/bumps, you basically want to reduce the initial inflammatory response, then speed the body's "clean up" of the injured area:

  1. The first 24 hours - apply cold and elevate (preferably above level of heart) to control swelling.  Take an analgesic or anti-inflammatory (it is the inflammatory response we are fighting right now). Tylenol or aspirin (both analgesics) will do fine, if you have no medical condition and/or allergy that contradicts taking them, but aspirin is not as desirable at this point because of its greater anticoagulant ("blood-thinning") effects.  Some form of ibuprofen/motrin (a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory) might be a better choice at this stage, if you have no medical condition and/or allergy that contradicts taking them, because it is an anti-inflammatory.  Wrap the joint, the width of the bandage should be about :
    • Knee - four or six inch bandage
    • Ankle - three inch bandage
    • Wrist - two inch bandage
  2. After the first 24 hours - apply heat and elevation to reduce swelling and improve blood flow to the injured area so healing can get under way.  Now, aspirin would be a good choice, if you have no medical condition and/or allergy that contradicts taking it, because of its anticoagulant ("blood-thinning") effects.  A good analgesic cream that makes the muscle "hot," e.g., Ben-Gay, can help.
  3. Range of Motion (ROM) exercises - this is where it gets tricky.  Basically, you want to explore the full range of motion of your joints with steadily increasing pressure until you get back to original functionality.  Start slow!  Injuring yourself again is a bad idea.  For ankles, the best routine I know of is to "draw" the letters of the alphabet with your toes while keeping your leg still, drawing the letters as big as you can.  This takes you through a lot of different movements and works well.  The wrist is a little more obvious and people tend to go through a decent ROM naturally.  The knee is quite constrained in its ROM, hopefully, so it's not hard to figure out what to do there, and like the wrist, approaching normal use of the knee's full ROM naturally rehabilitates it
  4. Prevent further injuries - keep the muscles around your joints strong.  Exercise them and be sure to warm-up them up well before exercise, especially for high-impact activities.

Common medications for pain: Aspirin vs. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) vs. Ibuprofen (Motrin)

Be certain you have no allergies to these medications before taking them.  Consultation with a medical doctor is always advisable.  A good internet source is RxList - the Internet Drug Index.

First, let me say that far too many people have become medication snobs.  For many, Aspirin and Acetaminophen are too "common" for their "extraordinary" pain.  The simple fact is that they are both fantastic medications that are cheap, easy to acquire, and work well.

For sensitive stomachs, Aspirin is worst, Ibuprofen is bad, and Acetaminophen is good.

If you want anticoagulant/"blood thinning" effects, Aspirin is best (ibupofren has some side effects like this).

For analgesia and antipyresis, all three are similar.

Aspirin: quite possibly one of the most wondrous medications we have found.  We still do not know exactly how it does what is does.  It can be hard on one's stomach though.  For sensitive stomachs, Acetaminophen or Bayer Aspirin is advisable.  Be certain you have no allergies to these medications before taking them.  Consultation with a medical doctor is always advisable.  A good internet source is RxList - the Internet Drug Index.  Aspirin is:

  • an analgesic (pain reliever) and antirheumatic (arthritis reliever) locally by acting on prostaglandins (tissue hormones) and systemically by acting on the hypothalamus.  This latter effect is still not well understood.
  • an anticoagulant ("blood-thinner") - it reduces the effectiveness of the blood to coagulate into clots.  If you take it regularly, it will probably take a little longer for your bleeding to stop.  Of course, this anticoagulant effect is desirable, e.g. for sprains (after the first 24 hours) and post-operative heart patients.  In the case of the latter, a "baby" aspirin.
  • antipyretic - reduces fevers by acting on the hypothalamus to increase peripheral blood flow and vasodilation.  This is sort of like making your car's radiator bigger and thus increase dissipation of heat.

Acetaminophen (e.g. Tylenol): Tylenol is a great medication.  It is a lot less of an anticoagulant ("blood-thinner") than Aspirin, and is much easier on the stomach.  Be certain you have no allergies to these medications before taking them.  Consultation with a medical doctor is always advisable.  A good internet source is RxList - the Internet Drug Index.  Acetaminophen is:

  • an analgesic (pain reliever) and antirheumatic (arthritis reliever) locally by acting on prostaglandins (tissue hormones) and systemically by acting on the hypothalamus.  This latter effect is still not well understood.
  • antipyretic - reduces fevers by acting on the hypothalamus to increase peripheral blood flow and vasodilation.  This is sort of like making your car's radiator bigger and thus increase dissipation of heat.

Ibuprofen (e.g. Motrin): one of the most abused and overused medications I now of.  The analgesic and antipyretic effects are similar to Aspirin.  Be certain you have no allergies to these medications before taking them.  Consultation with a medical doctor is always advisable.  A good internet source is RxList - the Internet Drug Index.  Ibuprofen is:

  • an analgesic (pain reliever) and antirheumatic (arthritis reliever) - see Aspirin.  About as effective as Aspirin.
  • antipyretic - see Aspirin

 

Questions? Comments? Please let me know via my questions/comments form!